antoine lavoisier biography in English

Levochiye is considered to be the foundation of modern chemistry. But his work in chemistry was only a fraction of his versatility. Not only did he serve chemistry with his sharp intellect, but he also made fundamental discoveries in the fields of physiology, agronomy, and mechanics. He has been a leader in his time in the fields of business, economics, pedagogy and politics. In the history of the world you will find very few people like Levoshey, who have served the various organs of knowledge with so much talent. By the way, his giving to chemistry is enough to make him immortal in the history of science.

Anton Laurent Levoshey was born on August 26, 1743 in Paris. His ancestors rose above the poor situation. His maternal grandfather was the son of a horse-keeper, the father was an advocate in the Palaement of France. Antony also prepared himself for the education of the law on the footsteps of the father. Nevertheless, he remained interested in science. Even after obtaining his degree in law, Levoshie continued studying astronomy, botany, chemistry and geology at Mazharin College.

At the same time, France's famous geologist J.E. Levosiye got the chance to prepare the country's geographical atlas with Betard. Due to this work, at the young age of just 25 years, the famous Academy of Sciences of France chose Laboucie.

After the scientific research became stable in the field, Levoshie decided to correct his economic condition. He bought a stake in the firm 'Firm Janarale'. This company used to do tax collection on behalf of Raja. Due to buying a stake in this company, Labochea's income was substantial, but in the end this part also became the reason for her death.

At the age of 28, Levoshie married fourteen-year-old Mary. Levoshie had little knowledge of Latin and English. Mary studied these languages ​​and for her husband she started translating books and articles published in these languages. She translated two books by the Irish chemist Richard Kirwin and also the translations of the works of Joseph Priestley, Henry Kevindish and other contemporary chemists for her husband. He is a skilled painter

Was also She made drawings for the books of the Levoshee, and in the laboratory, she would share her husband's hand. After Levosie's death, he edited and published his unfinished work.

According to the belief of Aristotle (Aristotle), before Lebocia, all matter was believed to be made of four elements — earth, fire, air, and water. A 'soul' of matter was known as 'phlogiston' and was believed to be the cause of the action of burning. If a piece of wood was burnt, it was simply because the wood had a 'plosiston' and the piece of stone did not burn because it did not have a 'plosiston'. The English chemist Joseph Priestley in 1774 called 'phlogiston-free air' (oxygen). , But he could not understand the significance of this discovery. In 1772 Levoshee was studying the process of burning. He noticed that sulfur and phosphorus increase in weight after burning. The labouchee deduced that Priestley's 'non-polluted air' is the reason for this excess load. He named it 'Oxygen'. When this gas is adopted, the metal is converted into oxides. He proved that the theory of phlogiston is wrong and that burning action is possible only because of oxygen.

Levoshei went further to prove through his experiments that water is actually made up of two elements - hydrogen and oxygen. Thus he gave a new twist to the study of chemistry. Scientists accepted this new chemistry. Elements began to be discovered in a new way. Till now, the substances which were accepted as elements, now proved to be made up of mere yoga. The real chemical elements were metals, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and other elements, which are not possible to simplify by chemical methods.

But the importance of Legohiye is more that he discovered and harmonized many new facts in chemistry on the basis of his 'oxygen-burning-action theory'. With the help of other French scientists, he created the correct chemistry terminology. In 1789, he wrote a book on chemistry, in which all the chemical facts known up to that time were included and mentioned.

In addition to science-related discoveries, the Lebanese government was also instrumental in raising war materials. To overcome the shortage of gunpowder. He had a special hand. To a certain extent we can say that the US had an alliance, because the government had the exclusive support of the Levoshee in the state revolution, because of the advice of the American Levoshee from France, because the colonists got gunpowder. Levoshie's advice was to set up a factory to produce gunpowder at Arsenal.

In Arsenal itself, in happiness on the day of the life of the labouche. The factory was a kind of laboratory for him. But two accidents prove that scientists are in danger in government jobs. Once with his wife and three assistants, Levoshie was experimenting on potassium chlorate. A severe explosion occurred in the laboratory and two assistants died instantly. Laboshie and his wife narrowly survived.

The second accident occurred in 1789. It is a matter of those days when the revolutionaries took over Paris. The officials decided that 10,000 pounds of low-power ammo should be sent outside the city and instead, good ammo should be brought from outside. This caused panic in the public. This exchange of gunpowder was considered a conspiracy and Levoshey was imprisoned. Peace was established only after gunpowder returned to Arsenal.

Levochiye owned 370 acres of agricultural land. He regularly spent some time every year on his farm. Farmer Levochiye soon understood that the yield depends mostly on good manure. He learned many new things related to the yield of farming. As a result of this, the yield doubled within 14 years.

The book 'Land and Wealth of France' written by Lavoisie is an important book of economics. This book was written before the revolution. But the National Assembly considered it so important that it was published in 1791. The laboratory recognized that tax planning could be determined only on the knowledge of the country's agricultural produce. For this, he gathered many facts. The data gathered by him on yield and population proved to be very beneficial. Levoshey also suggested to the government to establish an institution that could collect not only economic facts but also agriculture, industry and population-related facts.

For the education of the people, the Laboshey gave new suggestions to the government. He emphasized that it is the government's main duty to provide free education for boys and girls, without distinction.

This was the era of revolution in France. Like other intelligent people, Levoshiye also welcomed the revolution and took the side of democracy itself. But when the revolution took the form of fierce rule, the life of those persons, who had previously been related to the king's government, was endangered. Special tax was paid to the tax authorities, as most of them belonged to high schools and were also barbaric exploiters. We have previously said that Levocia also had a share in the tax collection company. It is true that by making several reforms related to agriculture, he helped improve the condition of the farmers of his country. He was also a famous scientist. Therefore, Labocia did not care for this new storm.

But in the end Levoshee was also convicted. He was given the death penalty. Famous people from all over Europe begged for his life, but Levoshey himself neither asked for alms, nor decided to flee the country. He calmly said- "I have made a good living. I am ready to die."

One day in May, 1794, Levotia was beheaded by Guletin. On the second day of his death, the famous mathematician Lagranje told Delamber- "It took only a moment to cut that head. Probably and for a century France will not find such a skull again."

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